The Polish Connection: Soviet Arms Dealers and the Mujahideen

Vivek Iyer

During the Soviet-Afghan War, the CIA worked with foreign actors to conduct Operation Cyclone, a covert action that supplied military assistance to the Mujahideen, the anti-Soviet forces in Afghanistan. The most well known of these partners were Pakistan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and China. However, the CIA also covertly purchased weapons, such as SA-7 light anti-aircraft missiles, from arms dealers and other underground suppliers in Eastern Europe, namely Poland. The Soviets soon became aware of this development and countered it through sabotaging the weaponry prior to sale. However, the prevailing literature on the Soviet-Afghan War scarcely addresses this dimension of the clandestine effort. Utilizing declassified archival sources, this paper examines the role of Polish actors in supporting the Mujahideen’s fight against the Soviets in Afghanistan. How did this impact the overall Mujahideen war effort? More broadly, how did Soviet corruption hinder the Kremlin’s own interests in its many proxy conflicts with America?

References

Philip B. Heymann, Living the Policy Process (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 28, ProQuest Ebook Central.

John Walcott, Tim Carrington. “Role Reversal: CIA Resisted Proposal to Give Afghan Rebels US Stinger Missiles,” Wall Street Journal, February 16, 1988.